Comparison between Maxillary Molars in Relation to Maxillary Sinus Floor According to Age and Gender using a cone beam computed tomography

Abstract

Background: Understanding the close relationship that exists between the posterior maxillary teeth and maxillary sinus and the differences of this relation between gender and age groups is important for the workers in the dental field, who may perform treatments and face complications in this area regularly. Aim of study: to compare maxillary 1st ,2nd, and 3rd molars in their proximity to the floor of (maxillary sinus) and the effect of age and gender on this relation. Material and method: This study involved 160 maxillary 1st, 2nd, and 3rd molars respectively; collected from 45 female and 55 male patients CBCTs in Iraq); from the 1st of January 2020 to the end of July 2021. 60 patients were assessed bilaterally and 40 Patients assessed only unilaterally. Kwak classification for molars related to the maxillary sinus floor have been dependent on. Result: in relation to the age groups we found that the most common relation to the sinus floor for maxillary 1st molar was class V 50(58.82%) 26 (44.82%) in the age groups (20-30) and (31-40), and class I, 6 (35.29%) in the (41-50) age group. For maxillary 2nd molars; it was class V 43(50.59%) between (20-30) years, and class I and II between (31-40) years 18(31.04%) for each and a class II. In the age between (41-50) years 7 (41.17%). For maxillary 3rd molars; the most detected relation in the age group (20-30) years was class II 35(41.17%), while in the age groups 31-40 and 41-50 they were class I 26 (44.83%),10 (58.82%) respectively. The association between maxillary 1st , 2nd and 3rd molars relation to maxillary sinus floor and age groups was non-significant P value =0.389 ^ , 0.089 ^ and 0.154^.In relation to the patient’s gender; For the maxillary 1st molars; the most commonly detected relation to the maxillary sinus floor in both gender groups were class V; 50 (56.83%) in male and 31(43.06%) in female group. For the maxillary 2nd molars a class V was the most commonly detected relation in male 41(46.59%) while in female groups, it was class II 27(37.5%) The maxillary 3rd molar : represented most commonly by class I 41 (46.58%) in male group, while in female group it was class II 34 (47.22%) .The association between maxillary 1st , 2nd and 3rd molars to the base of maxillary sinus and gender showed a non-significant P value 0.4923^, 0.091^ and 0.223^ .Conclusion: Maxillary molars show a close relation to the base of the maxillary sinus; especially in male, younger age groups patients, analysis and preparation should be done for patients before any dental treatment interfere with periapical region of maxillary molars using CBCT is very helpful.