Preliminary screening of active compounds with the evaluation of the anti Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria activity of ashwagandha (Withania Somnifera) leaves extracted by different types of solvents

Abstract

Ashwagandha (Withania Somnifera L.) plant is a medicinal plant used to treat various
ailments in Iraq by herbalists, the pharmacological evaluation of its leaves despite the rich
pharmacological potential of its roots was not done, in this re- search, the phytochemicals
from the Ashwagandha (Withania Somnifera L.) leaves were extracted by different types
solvents (carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, ethanol and water respectively), presence
flavonoids, tannins, saponin, steroids in water and ethanol extracts while the saponin and
steroids only were present in chloroform and carbon tetrachloride extracts, the water and
ethanolic extracts were found to be good inhibitor or good active against Pseudomonas
aeruginosa bacteria, and this activity may be belong to polyphenolic compounds such as
flavonoids and tunnies com- pounds, and by comparing the GC/MS analysis chromatogram
of extracted sample with NIST database entries, identification compounds by peak value of
the unknown compound in chromatogram. In chloroform extract among the 16
phytochemicals identified, 1,2,3,5- Cyclohexanetetrol is the most abundant compound present
followed by n-Hexadecanoic acid (Palmitic acid), then Acetic acid, 3,5-Dihydroxy-6-methyl
2,3-dihydro-4H-pyran-4-one, 5-Hydrxoy methyl furfural, Caryophyllene oxide, α
Tocopherol-β-D-mannosidic respectively, other compounds revealed are n-Decanoic acid,
Formic acid, cis-3-Hexenylpyruvate, 4-Octyl tetradecyl Phthalate ester, etc. In ethanol extract
among the 21 phytochemicals identified, O- Butyl hydroxylamine is the most abundant
compound present followed by Hexanoic acid ethyl ester, then Oleyl alcohol, trifluoroacetate,
Oleic acid, etc.